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Minimalism: Specific Objects and Experienced Variable

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By Alexandra A Jopp Analyses of the Minimalist artists Donald Judd and Robert Morris generally focus on their three-dimensional work. The aesthetics of both artists are based on the principles of geometrical abstraction, the placement of simple geometric forms in non-illusionistic space, combined into non-objective compositions. Morris and Judd doubted the value of the compositional norms of European art, praised Pollock and moved artistic sculpture in the direction of architecture. Michael Fried’s essay “Art and Objecthood,” first published in 1967 in Art Forum , though, criticizes Minimalism, specifically mentioning Judd and Morris, whose work, Fried writes, showed a tendency toward objecthood, a term that contains the antitheses to art. Carl Andre. American, born 1935. Steel-Aluminum Plain, 1969. Donald Judd, Untitled, 1965 Donald Judd, Untitled , 1968 In Specific Objects (1965), Donald Judd introduces the idea of a new kind of art th...
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Tina Modotti (1896-1942) and Edward Weston's Nudes

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Though best remembered as Edward Weston’s model, Tina Modotti was a fine 20th century photographer and activist who fought on behalf of Mexican peasants in the 1930s. She was a woman who "chose to identify herself with the arts, with the poor, and with the solidarity of the revolution." By Alexandra Jopp In Tina Modotti: A Fragile Life , Mildred Constantine describes Modotti as: “Tina Modotti was many things: a gifted photographer, passionate companion of artists and revolutionaries. Fighter for the cause of humanity, "Maria" (her nom de gnerre) who succored the children and wounded in Spain, the tempestuous beauty of unabashed sensuality. Who was she? Dead, she is a legend poeticized and victimized by conjecture, anecdotes and, where fact is lacking, imaginative embellishments.” Looking for clues in Modotti’s early life, that might have led to her artistic development, the art critics cite her youthful identification with the class struggle. Following h...
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Willard Leroy Metcalf (1858-1925)

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Giverny, 1887 Willard Metcalf, a founding member of the “Ten American Painters,” worked in an Impressionist style tempered by atmospheric poetry                               By Alexandra A Jopp Willard Metcalf, a contemporary of Childe Hassam, Mary Cassatt, and John Twachtman, was a well-regarded Impressionist painterartist, teacher and illustrator who became known as a classic painter of the landscapes of his native New England. One of the “Ten American Painters” (also known as “The Ten”), a group whose members resigned from the Society of American Artists to form their own (small) association, Metcalf influenced many painters while teaching at Cooper Union and the Art Students League in New York. He achieved great fame in his lifetime, winning a Webb Prize in 1896 for his painting Gloucester Harbor (1895), being elected to membership in the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and ha...
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